Agriculture Powers Illinois’ Economy and Future Growth

Agriculture is more than a tradition in Illinois - it’s a major economic engine.

In a recent episode of IL Corn TV, Illinois Economic Development Corporation President and CEO Christy George joined host John Klemm to discuss how agriculture continues to drive growth across the state’s economy.

George explained that Illinois has the third-largest agribusiness gross regional product in the nation at roughly $39 billion, trailing only California and Texas. The industry supports nearly 200,000 jobs across the state, with crop production accounting for roughly 27,000 of those positions.

“Agriculture is an essential and legacy industry to Illinois,” George said. “It’s a huge part of our economy and a huge part of the nation’s economy within Illinois.”

Illinois’ Competitive Advantages

Illinois’ strength in agriculture goes beyond the farm gate. The state ranks among the top in the nation for agricultural innovation, food manufacturing research and development, and agricultural feedstock and industrial biosciences employment.

Illinois also benefits from extensive transportation infrastructure that helps move commodities efficiently from farms to global markets. The state is the only place in the nation where all Class I railroads intersect in two locations, helping create an efficient network for freight movement.

That connectivity is critical for agriculture and agribusinesses that rely on timely and cost-effective transportation to compete in global markets.

Trade and Global Partnerships

Exports remain a vital component of Illinois agriculture, with the state exporting billions of dollars in agricultural commodities each year. International relationships play a key role in maintaining and expanding those markets.

George highlighted recent trade missions to countries like Mexico and Japan, where Illinois leaders worked to strengthen partnerships and promote the state as a place to do business.

“Mexico is one of our largest agricultural partners,” she said. “It’s incredibly important that we engage internationally and make sure our partners know Illinois is open for business.”

Challenges for Farmers

While the industry continues to grow, George acknowledged the challenges facing farmers, particularly when it comes to tariffs.

Tariffs can impact agriculture in multiple ways, including lower export demand and higher input costs for essential supplies like fertilizer and equipment. Those factors can create additional financial pressure on farm operations.

“Our farmers and rural communities are often the ones hit the hardest,” George said.

Opportunities Ahead

Despite these challenges, new opportunities are emerging. One example is sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), which could create new demand for corn and ethanol.

Illinois was the first state in the nation to establish a SAF tax credit and has positioned itself as a potential hub for future production.

With strong infrastructure, global market connections and continued innovation in agriculture, Illinois is working to ensure the state remains a leader in the next generation of food and agricultural production.

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